山西省大同市第一中学2017-2018学年高二3月月考全科试题（4科4份）
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山西省大同市第一中学2017-2018学年高二3月月考
山西省大同市第一中学2017-2018学年高二3月月考化学.doc
山西省大同市第一中学2017-2018学年高二3月月考历史.doc
山西省大同市第一中学2017-2018学年高二3月月考物理.doc
山西省大同市第一中学2017-2018学年高二3月月考英语.doc
一、 选择题(每小题只有一个正确选项，每小题4分，计60分)
l、锎是锕系中的一种元素，1 mg锎( )每秒钟约能释放出2.34×109个中子，在医学上常用作治疗恶性肿瘤的中子源。下列有关说法错误的是
A. 中，质子数和电子数均为98 B. 和 互为同位素
C.锎位于元素周期表第6周期 D. 的中子数与质子数之差为56
2、下列叙述正确的是
A.元素的相对原子质量是小数，是由于元素具有同位素
B.有相同质子数的原子或离子一定属于同种元素
C.K+和Ar具有相同的电子层结构，氧化性K+比Ar强
D.金属高子的电子层数一定比金属原子的电子层数少
3、下列说法正确的是
A.原子最外层电了数大于3(小于8)的元素一定是非金属元素
B.某元素的离子的最外层与次外层电子数相同，该元素一定位于第3周期
C.最外层电子数比次外层电子数多的元素一定位于第2 周期
D.原子最外层只有1个电子的元素一定是金属元素
4、从宏观方面看物质是由元素组成的，从微观方面看物质是由粒子构成的，下列有关说法不正确的是
A.质子数等于电子数的微粒，可能是一种分子和一种离子
B.元素的化学性质主要取决于元素原子的最外层电子数
C.只由一种分子构成的物质定是纯净物
D.元素原子的多样性是由构成原子的质子和中子数目引起的
5、科学家从化肥厂生产的(NH4)2SO4中检验出组成为N4H4(SO4)2的物质，经测定，该物质易溶于水，在水中以SO42-和N2H44+两种离子形式存在，植物的根系极易吸收N4H44+，但它遇到碱时，会生成一种形似白磷的N4分子。N4分子不能被植物吸收。下列有关说法不正确的是
A.N4和N2互为同素异形体
B.14N与14C互为同位素
C.N4H4(SO4)2不能与草木灰混合使用
D.8NH3＋4C5OH=N4＋4C5NH2＋6H2＋4H2O，此反应中每生成5.6 g N4时转移1.2 mol电子
6、下列各图中的大黑点代表原子序数从1~18元素的原子实（原子实是原子除最外层电子后剩余的部分），小黑点代表未用于形成共价键的最外层电子，短线代表共价键。下列各图表示的结构与化学式一定不相符的是
7、最新研究表明生命起源于火山爆发，是因为火山爆发产生的气体中含有1%的羧基硫（COS），已知羧基硫分子中所有原子均满足8电子结构，结合已学知识，判断有关说法正确的是
A.羰基硫分子的电子式为：
B.羰基硫分子的中心原子为氧
C.羰基硫中三个原子处于同一直线上
……
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。
A
Sunstroke (中暑) is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isn’t given immediately.
Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above safe limits. This causes the body’s necessary functions to stop working.
It’s usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person’s body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.
Call for help
Call to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted(昏倒). Also, call for help from anyone nearby if you’ re in a public place. If there’s no one around, call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isn’t much nearby.
Get the person to a cooler area
If there’s a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditionings and water is perfect. If a building isn’t available, bring the person to a well shaded area.
Get the water flowing
If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there’s a bathtub available，fill it with cool water and put the person in it.
If your water supply is limited, you have to save it. Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the person’s body. Focus on the face, neck，and chest.
Fan the person
Getting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt your hands，or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.
1. When does a person get sunstroke?
A. When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.
B. When proper care is not given immediately.
C. When someone is exposed to the sun working too long.
D. When the body’s necessary functions stop working.
2. What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. The chief symptoms of sunstroke. B. The cause of sunstroke.
C. The first aid for sunstroke. D. The essential preventions of sunstroke.
3. The passage probably comes from ________.
A. a guide book B. a book review C. an official document D. a medical magazine
B
Welcome to the Miami Planetarium
School Groups: $10.00 per person
One free teacher admission per 10 students.
Group rates apply to groups 15 or more.
Click HERE to make a reservation online today!
The Miami Planetarium (天文馆|) opened its doors to the public on November 4, 1966 and has entertained and educated children of all ages about astronomy and the wonders of the night sky ever since. The Planetarium houses a 65-foot diameter domed (圆顶状的) projection screen with 231 seats. At the heart of the Planetarium is a SPITZ “Space Transit Planetarium” star projector (放映机)， which is capable of accurately reproducing the stars and planets as seen from anywhere on Earth at any time during the year. Shows daily except Thanksgiving and Christmas Day. Unlike any other in South Florida, the Planetarium is a unique setting for bringing the stars and planets indoors in animated (动画) live star shows and music-filled laser light shows.
The Weintraub Observatory (天文台) houses two powerful telescopes. Observatory hours are from 8:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. Loogh the telescope to view the planets, the four moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn and deep sky objects such as galaxies, nebulate and double stars.
Deposit (定金): A $75 deposit must be received 10 days prior to the visit date to guarantee your visit.
Cancellation Policy: The museum requires 48 hours advance notice prior to any cancellation or other changes to a reservation. Without prior notification (通告) the original total will be expected upon arrival.
Payment Policy: The balance of the admission fee is due upon arrival at the museum on your visit day.
Upon Arrival: The leading teacher should check in at the box office with payment for the correct head count of students, and teachers. Visitors should remain on the bus until a museum interpreters show you around the museum.
Museum Etiquette (规矩): We ask that all groups remain together and orderly. Teachers are asked to help maintain order with their groups. We reserve the right to refuse service to any group or individual not obeying the museum policies.
Bus Procedures: The museum will provide parking for buses in our parking lot. Upon arrival, bus drivers will be directed by the museum staff to the appropriate places to park. It is recommended that buses remain on the spots throughout the group’s entire museum visit.
For more information & reservations call: (305)646-4222.
4. If twenty students are to visit the Miami Planetarium together with five teachers, how much will they have to pay for the admission fees in total?
A. $ 150. B. $ 250.
